Simply put, the ongoing conflict in Ukraine is a colossal disaster, which as I noted at the start of my talk, will lead people all around the world to search for its causes. Similarly, in Egypt, its water supply is being threatened by the development of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam on the upstream stretch of the Nile River. Required fields are marked *. While this could clear up uncertainty around water prices, treating water as a tradable commodity puts basic human rights in the hands of financial institutions and investors. As the global population continues to grow, agricultural production is required to expand by another 70% by 2050 to keep up with demand, thereby redirecting even more freshwater resources., In February 2021, the UN World Food Program reported that severe drought caused by record dry conditions has left an estimated 13 million people facing hunger in the Horn of Africa. Furthermore, there appears to be little hope that Ukraine will be able to regain use of its ports on the Azov and Black Seas anytime soon. Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin has emphasized that the Wests goal is to weaken Russia to the point where it could not invade Ukraine again. Wars are instigated on the continent so that weapons could be sold to warring belligerents. The president of the World Bank, David Malpass,arguesthat if the Ukraine war continues, we will face a global food crisis that is a human catastrophe.. John J. Mearsheimer is the R. Wendell Harrison Distinguished Service Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago. WebThe excessive use of alcohol is responsible for a significant number of deaths each year. Democracy One of the very important reasons that were even concerned about the political system is the Democracy. Climate change, coupled with water mismanagement and overconsumption, is causing droughts and water shortages across many parts of the globe. Putins logic should make perfect sense to Americans, who have long been committed to the Monroe Doctrine, which stipulates that no distant great power is allowed to place any of its military forces in the Western Hemisphere. Let me now turn to the real cause of the Ukraine crisis. There is a popular saying that when brothers fight, the stranger benefits. Africans should see themselves as one and shun tribal sentiments. Again, the Rwandan genocide of 1994 was between the Tutsi and Hutu and Twa tribes. This quite nicely promotes the equality idea that we work on. This being the case, Africa becomes a battlefield for the advanced nations of the world who seek to control her for the benefits that they derive. This is the full text of a speech given on June 16 by John J. Mearsheimer at the European Union Institute (EUI) and published by The National Interest under the headline "The Causes and Consequences of the Ukraine Crisis." President Biden, who moved into the White House in January 2021, had long beencommittedto bringing Ukraine into NATO and was also super-hawkish toward Russia. To be more specific, the key to a settlement from Russias perspective is making Ukraine a neutral state, ending the prospect of integrating Kyiv into the West. 5. It is obvious from Putins July 12, 2021, essay that he understood at that time that Ukrainian nationalism is a powerful force and that the civil war in the Donbass, which had been going on since 2014, had done much to poison relations between Russia and Ukraine. He is also a Developer with knowledge in HTML, CSS, JS, PHP and React Native. The Looming Colorado Water Shortage Crisis. Putin made numerous public statements during this period that left no doubt that he viewed NATO expansion into Ukraine as an existential threat. As the power of the notables declined, the political party emerged as the organizing force in the American system of government. What is a Political Machine? - Study.com Second, the Biden administration has reacted to the outbreak of war by doubling down against Russia. Human Rights Abuses and Violations: One major effects of conflict in Africa is that the rights of Africans are violated. Explain your reasoning. Decide whether each of the following statements makes sense (or is clearly true) or does not make sense (or is clearly false). No matter how one tries to see modern day conflicts in Africa, one cannot separate such conflicts from external influences. If the plant efficiency is 80%, what is the effective capacity? 2. In Nigeria alone, most crises faced have religious colorations. I hope I am wrong, but that is why I see no end in sight to this ruinous war. In the earlier times, it was Aristocracy that followed. Setting a price on the votes, they are easily bought and favored under with the help of a few pricy notes. She is however not independent from the whims and caprices of her colonial masters. The United Kingdom operates under a constitutional monarchy system. It is widely accepted among international relations scholars that there is a powerful tendency for protracted wars to escalate. In addition to NATOs ongoing efforts to make the Ukrainian military a more formidable fighting force, the politics surrounding Ukraines membership in NATO and its integration into the West changed in 2021. effects of political machines Right to Vote It is because of the political system that in India, every person above 18 years of age holds an equal right to vote regardless of their caste or creed. Edeh Samuel Chukwuemeka ACMC, is a Law Student and a Certified Mediator/Conciliator in Nigeria. By donating us $100, $50 or subscribe to Boosting $10/month we can get this article and others in front of tens of thousands of specially targeted readers. These people lived in Kingdoms and empires, waged wars against less powerful Kingdoms and empires, conquered them and annexed them as part of their own Kingdom. Causes, Effects and Solutions to Conflict in Africa, Recommended: Causes, Effects and solutions to bad leadership in Nigeria. Dynasty politics One of the most negative things about politics is that it follows the dynasty nature. It is increasingly evident that droughts around the world are becoming more frequent and intense, as well as are occurring at progressively prolonged periods of time. Nearly two-thirds of the worlds population is predicted to face water shortages by 2025. This new rhetoric was designed to serve one essential purpose: to enable the West to blame Putin for the outbreak of trouble in Ukraine. In fact, the Russian leader was an invited guest to the April 2008 NATO summit in Bucharest where the alliance announced that Ukraine and Georgia would eventually become members. the rights of citizens? It allows farmers, hedge funds, and municipalities to hedge against future water availability in California. Even though Russian leaders made it perfectly clear that bringing Ukraine into NATO would be crossing the brightest of red lines, the United States refused to accommodate Russias deepest security concerns and instead moved relentlessly to make Ukraine a Western bulwark on Russias border. But its true that this very system allows them to do corruption. But does the whole political scenario always does good for a country? Their greed pushes them to mortgage the future of the continent to foreign powers. Russia Matters offers weekly news and analysis digests, event announcements and media advisories. The United States is not seriously interested in finding a diplomatic solution to the war, which means the war is likely to drag on for months if not years. As I have emphasized, Putin and his lieutenants believe that Ukraine joining the West is an existential threat to Russia that must be eliminated. Other Russian leadersincluding the defense minister, the foreign minister, the deputy foreign minister, and the Russian ambassador to Washingtonalso emphasized the centrality of NATO expansion for causing the Ukraine crisis. As a headline inTheWall Street Journalput it, The Secret of Ukraines Military Success: Years of NATO Training.. Political systems can have a significant impact on the nature of Ukrainian leaders have agency of course, and one might hope that they will push for neutralization to spare their country further harm. If American policy succeeds and the Russians are losing to the Ukrainians on the battlefield, Putin might turn to nuclear weapons to rescue the situation. Migrants eventually induce social, economic, and political problems in receiving countries, including 1) increases in the population, with adverse effects on existing social institutions; 2) increases in demand for goods and services; 3) displacement of nationals from occupations in the countryside and in the cities; 4 . Answered. Drought is a, in which dry conditions and lack of precipitation whether it is rain, snow or sleet occur over certain areas for a period of time., These conditions also create the perfect breeding ground for wildfires, further fuelling drought season and water stress. As Ramzy Mardini observed, another telling indicator of Putins limited aims is that there is no evidence Russia was preparing a puppet government for Ukraine, cultivating pro-Russian leaders in Kyiv, or pursuing any political measures that would make it possible to occupy the entire country and eventually integrate it into Russia. Not only foes this promotes corruption, but also granting of power to undeserving leaders. The Maitatsine Riots in the 1980s, Kaduna Religious Riots, Jos Crises, and even the Boko Haram insurgency. In conclusion, though conflicts are unavoidable, they can be resolved amicably and the negative effects greatly minimized. But it is hardly used, thanks to the political threats and all the run-through. I will address three specific issues: 1) the consequences of the war for Ukraine; 2) the prospects for escalationto include nuclear escalation; and 3) the prospects for ending the war in the foreseeable future. To deal with this growing threat, Putin stationed ever-increasing numbers of Russian troops on Ukraines border between February 2021 and February 2022. Most of the conflicts in Africa are religious based. Religious extremists should know that they are first Africans before being followers of their religion. If this behavior is all part of a giant deception campaign, it would be without precedent in recorded history. Water mismanagement and climate change are exacerbating these diplomatic tensions; The Himalayan Glaciers, which feed the Indus Basin, are predicted to diminish further in the coming year and deplete groundwater recharge in the long run. A maximum chunk of Indian Politicians with MPs has previous connections to politics. American policy has two significant consequences. dier from the theoretical principles. I am sorry to say that I see no way this war ends anytime soon, a view shared by prominent policymakers like General Mark Milley, the Chairman of the JCS, and NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg. Political leaders can be elected ocials, appointed ocials, or leaders of Secretary of State Antony Blinkenrespondedto Russias mid-December demands by simply saying, There is no change. These questions can have many answers. That strategy has three prongs: integrating Ukraine into the EU, turning Ukraine into a pro-Western liberal democracy, and most importantly, incorporating Ukraine into NATO. But that outcome is unacceptable to the Biden administration and a large portion of the American foreign policy establishment, because it would represent a victory for Russia. The Ukraine war has been raging for almost four months I would like to now offer some observations about what has happened so far and where the war might be headed. In his words: Ukrainian entry into NATO is the brightest of all red lines for the Russian elite (not just Putin). 2021-22, CWV-101 T3 Consequences of the Fall Contemporary Response Worksheet 100%, Summary Give Me Liberty! North Korea operates under a single-party socialist dictatorship system. Cross), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Give Me Liberty! At the same time, it is equally hard to imagine any Ukrainian leader accepting a deal that allows Russia to keep any Ukrainian territory, except possibly Crimea. Political philosophers may also be motivated by personal or ideological In December 2017, the Trump administration decided toprovide Kyivwith defensive weapons. Other NATO countries soon got into the act, shipping even more weapons to Ukraine. Each year, total renewable water resources per inhabitant is estimated at about. It is sympathetic that despite her huge resources human and natural- the continent has not attained the heights expected of her. Again, countless number of Africans die in a bid to escape from conflict prone areas. Cause and Effect 1. The Soviet experience in Afghanistan is a glaring example of this phenomenon, but more relevant for the issue at hand is Moscows relations with its allies in eastern Europe. power. Plus, regional parties increase the political competition and the chance of emerging of some great leaders. At the same time, it means the United States is deeply committed to making sure that Russia loses. Most Africans are subjected to hardships; hardships imposed as a result of clueless governments; hardships imposed as a result of visionless leaders being in government; and hardships imposed by greed. People want to know: how did we get into this terrible situation? Your email address will not be published. We explore what other causes are there and the major effects of it around the world., Water shortages occur due to a number of factors; one of the biggest drivers of water scarcity is drought. Examples of political philosophers include John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, As one scholarput it, he is acting on a sinister, long-held goal: to erase Ukraine from the map of the world. Given Putins purported goals, it makes perfect sense for Finland and Sweden to join NATO and for the alliance to increase its force levels in eastern Europe. When Africa comes to this consciousness of her unity, it will be very difficult for her to be pillaged by imperialist powers. government, the rights and freedoms of citizens, and the distribution of such as the proper role of government, the distribution of wealth and Dependence on the West/East: Africa as a continent consistently depends on the West and East for survival. And in a continent like Africa, where tribal affiliations still have strong force and bearing on the people, the actions of leaders are usually done to favor their own tribes over and above every other tribe. Your email address will not be published. distributed and exercised? In effect, the Biden administration is committed to knocking Russia out of the ranks of the great powers. class on the causes and effects of political machines. This is the basic situation after less than 4 months of fighting. This is not so in Africa. The Nigeria-Biafra war alone saw to the loss of over 6 million lives. One often hears the argument that in the eight years between when the crisis broke out in February 2014 and when the war began in February 2022, the United States and its allies paid little attention to bringing Ukraine into NATO. In more than two and a half years of conversations with key Russian players, from knuckle-draggers in the dark recesses of the Kremlin to Putins sharpest liberal critics, I have yet to find anyone who views Ukraine in NATO as anything other than a direct challenge to Russian interests. NATO, he said, would be seen as throwing down the strategic gauntlet. Democracy can be defined as a form of government which is being followed presently. So many Africans die attempting to cross the Sahara desert and Mediterranean Sea into Europe for search of greener pastures. Drought is a natural phenomenon in which dry conditions and lack of precipitation whether it is rain, snow or sleet occur over certain areas for a period of time., While the amount of rainfall can naturally vary between different regions and times of year, climate change and rising global temperatures are altering rainfall patterns, which in turn, impact the quality and spatial distribution of global water resources. Some central questions in political philosophy include: what is the There is little chance, however, that Kyiv will push for neutralization, because the ultra-nationalists in Ukraine, who wield significant political power, have zero interest in yielding to any of Russias demands, especially one that dictates Ukraines political alignment with the outside world. This is because human beings in the course of their interactions usually have interests which they wish to protect. While this narrative is repeated over and over in the mainstream media and by virtually every Western leader, there is no evidence to support it. Examples of political leaders include: Franklin D. Roosevelt, Nelson Causes, Effects and Solutions to Conflict in Africa No continent on Earth has been untouched by water scarcity, and an increasing number of regions are reaching the limit at which they can provide water services sustainably, especially in arid regions. The Rwadan genocide saw to the loss of over 1 million lives. My central claim is that the United States has pushed forward policies toward Ukraine that Putin and other Russian leaders see as an existential threat, a point they have made repeatedly for many years. It can also lead to several serious health issues, including cirrhosis of the liver. Unsurprisingly, the Russians pursued a limited aims strategy, which focused on either capturing or threatening Kiev and conquering a large swath of territory in eastern and southern Ukraine. Each year, total renewable water resources per inhabitant is estimated at about 2,018 cubic metres, which is 75% less than the global average, according to the World Bank. Global warming, where temperatures in the glacial region rose by 3- 3.5C over the past half-century, has, , causing glacial run-off into the Yangtze to be reduced by, of running out of water due to poor water management. Those who believe in facts and logic will quickly discover that the United States and its allies are mainly responsible for this train wreck. Lets turn the tables and ask what happens if the United States and its NATO allies appear to be heading toward defeat, which effectively means that the Russians are routing the Ukrainian military and the government in Kyiv moves to negotiate a peace deal intended to save as much of the country as possible. Let me now lay out my argument in greater detail, starting with a description of the conventional wisdom about the causes of the Ukraine conflict. Causes Perhaps the best indicator that Putin is not bent on conquering and absorbing Ukraine is the military strategy Moscow has employed from the start of the campaign. President Zelensky, who had never shown much enthusiasm for bringing Ukraine into NATO and who was elected in March 2019 on a platform that called for working with Russia to settle the ongoing crisis, reversed course in early 2021 and not only embraced NATO expansion but also adopted a hardline approach toward Moscow. This is nothing but a result of negative politics when leaders try to use politics as a reason to draw in all the money for themselves. The Biden administration, on the other hand, has stressed that its goal is not only todecisively defeat Russiain Ukraine, but also to use sanctions to inflict massive damage on the Russian economy. There is also the possibility that nuclear weapons might be used in Ukraine and that might even lead to a nuclear exchange between Russia and the United States. As The UN put it in a report released just last week: The ripple effects of the conflict are extending human suffering far beyond its borders. The poor Climate change, coupled with water mismanagement and overconsumption, is causing droughts and water shortages across many parts of the globe. Obviously, both sides cannot win. Water pollution can come from a number of sources, including sewage and wastewater more than 80% of the worlds wastewater flows back into the environment without being treated, and agricultural and industrial runoff, where pesticides and toxic chemicals leach into the groundwater and nearby freshwater systems. Africa is still tied to the apron strings of her colonial masters as all her policies both economic and otherwise are tailored towards the desires of her colonizers. Political philosophy is the study of the fundamental concepts and I have witnessed this phenomenon twice in my lifetimefirst with the Vietnam war and second with the Iraq war. : an American History (Eric Foner), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. 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Nathan DeWall), PS 7 - Public Communication and Political Debate, PS 8 - The History of Political Violence and Causes and Effects, PS 9 - Political Ideology and its Effects, PS 11 - Legislative Studies in Political Science, Elements of Intercultural Communication (COM-263), Biology 2 for Health Studies Majors (BIOL 1122), Organizational Theory and Behavior (BUS 5113), Nursing Process IV: Medical-Surgical Nursing (NUR 411), Professional Presence and Influence (D024), Organizational Theory and Behavior (BUS5113), Preparation For Professional Nursing (NURS 211), Managing Organizations and Leading People (C200 Task 1), Professional Application in Service Learning I (LDR-461), Advanced Anatomy & Physiology for Health Professions (NUR 4904), Principles Of Environmental Science (ENV 100), Operating Systems 2 (proctored course) (CS 3307), Comparative Programming Languages (CS 4402), Business Core Capstone: An Integrated Application (D083), ECO 201 - Chapter 2 Thinking like economist part 1, ECO 201 - Chapter 2 Thinking like an economist part 2, Lesson 5 Plate Tectonics Geology's Unifying Theory Part 1, Untitled document - WRD 111 The case of Thomas Sankara of Burkina Faso comes to mind. Historical and cultural factors can also influence the development of Water pollution already kills more people each year than war and all other forms of violence combined. political philosophy, as dierent societies and eras have dierent Answer the question. Merkel recentlyexplainedher opposition: I was very sure that Putin is not going to just let that happen. However, where there are conflicting interests, this causes a break in the relationship and may lead to the formation of cliques and alliances. What kind of effects would it then be resurrecting on a country? They rely on the glacial meltwater from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. To make the case that Putin was bent on conquering all of Ukraine and incorporating it into Russia, it is necessary to provide evidence that first, he thought it was a desirable goal, that second, he thought it was a feasible goal, and third, he intended to pursue that goal. Those allies, however, were a frequent thorn in Moscows side. America's largest cities hosted political machines whose deeds resulted in scandals and prison sentences. In his July 12, 2021,articleabout Russian-Ukrainian relations, which proponents of the conventional wisdom often point to as evidence of his imperial ambitions, he tells the Ukrainian people, You want to establish a state of your own: you are welcome! Regarding how Russia should treat Ukraine, he writes, There is only one answer: with respect. He concludes that lengthy article with the following words: And what Ukraine will beit is up to its citizens to decide. It is hard to reconcile these statements with the claim that he wants to incorporate Ukraine within a greater Russia. Underdevelopment and Poverty: One of the major effects of conflicts in Africa is that it has kept the country perpetually underdeveloped and poor. 4. In the 2018 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report, climate scientists say that groundwater stored in aquifers, which provides 36% of the worlds domestic water supply for over 2 billion people, is highly sensitive to future climate change. We provide a simple model that explains why polarization appears incrementally and why it was elites who polarized first and more dramatically, whereas mass polarization came later and has been less Political philosophy encompasses a wide range of ideas and theories, Political philosophers may be motivated by a desire to improve society In Corruption, Causes and Consequences I have repeatedly spoken about it in this hall. He then made it clear that he recognized that Ukraine was becoming a de facto member of NATO. Rarely these days does a news cycle pass without new stories of political dysfunction in Washington, D.C. Reports of stalemates, fiscal cliffs, and failed grand Furthermore, relations between Russia and the West have been so thoroughly poisoned that it will take many years to repair them. The Bush administration was the principal architect of that fateful choice, but the Obama, Trump, and Biden administrations have doubled down on that policy at every turn and Americas allies have dutifully followed Washingtons lead. Also see: Major Reasons Why women dont participate in politics. Boost this article The Rwadan genocide saw to the loss of over 1 Leaders have the spirit of sit-tightism as they do not want to relinquish power even when the people they are ruling have shown their displeasure over their rule. understand politics and the exercise of power. However, it is the opinion of this writer that there is only one solution to the myriads of the conflicts besieging the continent. Global warming, where temperatures in the glacial region rose by 3- 3.5C over the past half-century, has produced less snow and ice mass, causing glacial run-off into the Yangtze to be reduced by 13.9% since the 1990s., Today, the worlds population is just short of eight billion people, which translates to a growing demand for water amid water stress from climate change.