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Significantly more people have HBV (hepatitis) than HIV, but they are less likely to be treated for it. O The envelope is only found on RNA viruses. 13-2 _____ results when a gene affecting the immune system mutates, thereby compromising the body's defense against infection. c) viroids New York State coalition hepatitis C consensus statement leads to governor's action. c. fall below 1000 cells/l a. facilitated diffusion. Exposure to background radiation, like from radon gas - Chronic exposure True or false: Mortality refers to being ill, whereas morbidity refers to dying from a disease. b. produces the energy needed to run chemical reactions in the cell. B. HIV is able to hide from the immune system. e. Listeria monocytogenes. The estrogen-like compound that acts as a substitute hormone and disrupts gene expression, as shown in the image, is a(n) ______. b. gp120 . This study was reported . b. herpes simplex virus B) The focus of nurses is the person with an illness. d. Candida albicans b. d. MHC class I a. When it acts on target cells, it enhances the engulfment and killing of bacteria. Which of the following statements about viruses is false? It is secreted and functions as a monomer but facilitates the dimerization of its receptor. c. RNA-dependent DNA polymerase; HIV In the following section, we describe this approach in detail. Neither membrane is selectively permeable or has pores. 13-10 Which of the following is not associated with the reactivation of herpesviruses? a) Viruses are smaller in size than bacteria. d) I, Which of the following characteristics is the largest contributor to determining a virus's host range? b) Viruses can replicate independently of their cellular hosts. Question 12. This could be best used as a simple model for kill the host cell immediately, while bacteria maintain life within the . d) the proteins on the viral surface and that of the host cell membrane. d. eukaryotic cells . C) A person with an illness cannot be considered healthy. b. C.) A virus is nonliving because it lacks an organelle that allows movement. a. b. the plasma membrane. 13-45 Which of the following is not a characteristic of staphylococcal enterotoxins? The project is the solution towards mitigating scams and rugpulls. the proteasome cannot generate viral peptides for presentation by MHC class I molecules. NADPH oxidase; produce superoxide radical (O-). d) Reverse transcription would no longer be possible. b) retroviruses Some antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections kill the bacteria by chemically punching holes in the cell wall of the bacteria, by preventing the bacteria from replicating their DNA, or by many other actions that ultimately cause cell death. The Office of Justice Services (OJS), within the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), is searching for an individual to serve as a Victim Assistance Program Manager. c. cellular transcription favors the production of HIV-encoded RNA c. receptor-mediated endocytosis. e. antigenic drift. f. CD40 ligand. Which of the following statements accurately describes plant virus infections? b. exocytosis. Hazardous substances - These substances are dangerous because they are flammable, explosive, acidic, caustic, irritants, or sensitizers. Which of the following statements accurately describes the process of DNA replication? the virus is able to transform into a host cell. Traditional reliability design methods describe the dispersion degree of soil parameters with their point variance without considering the influence of correlation distance. d. Chdiak-Higashi syndrome d. the blueprints for making the product, b. a worker in a factory who places labels on products and then packs them into a shipping box. a. The two strands of DNA separate, and a single new strand is synthesized using the existing strand as a template. c. No; although prokaryotic cells are comparatively less efficient than eukaryotic cells, they are still able to carry out the processes necessary for survival and reproduction. Which of the following characteristics is the largest contributor to determining a virus's host range? So, the water osmosed across the plasma membranes out of the radish cells decreasing the turgor pressure inside of the cells and making them crunchier. b) Formation of the provirus would be stopped. Which of the following can be used to accurately describe viruses? You are a microbiologist working with a species of bacteria that can perform photosynthesis. c. All living cells have membrane-enclosed organelles. - LD50 is the dose of the toxin that is lethal to half the population. Which of the following types of organisms are commonly single-celled (unicellular)? Other IMG plans that may be of interest. Your muscle cells need large amounts of ATP to function in the movement of your body. a. water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2) Hydraulic structures, e.g., sluicegates and pumping stations, can directly influence flooding processes and should be represented in flood modeling and risk assessment. - HIV is more lethal. This is an example of This vesicle is now within the amoeba itself and will soon fuse with other vesicles containing digestive enzymes. b. sorts proteins and lipids and sends them to their final destination. Match the examples to chronic or acute effects and exposures. Q. d. pinocytosis. e. CD18. Which of the following groups of people is most likely to have an increased exposure to toxic chemicals because of their job responsibilities? d. a chromosome, where the pipe cleaners represent bundles of proteins around which the DNA double helix (wired ribbon) is wrapped. 4. You isolate an infectious substance that is capable of causing disease in plants, but you do not know whether the infectious agent is a bacterium, virus, or prion. Examine the figure below. Which of the following statements is true of chloroplasts? Students use a microscope to look for structures present in four different cells. What is the current trend in the worldwide mental health disease burden? C. HIV leads to AIDS, when about one third of the individual's T cell count is lost. Contrast the methods used by the Greek philosophers and Dalton to study the c. variable surface glycoproteins The science involved in determining whether endocrine disrupters are harmful shows how establishing public policy is difficult. 34 Questions Show answers. Determine the intensity level of the infrasound 10 km from the source, assuming the sound energy radiates uniformly in all directions. Which of these best describes a virus? Which of the following statements correctly describes one difference between green algae and land plants? c) the proteins in the host's cytoplasm ", lethal dose of a chemical for half of the population. c. the expression of MHC class I and class II molecules c. Most deficiency syndromes are caused by dominant gene defects. a. What is this speed in meters per second? Which cell that was viewed is most likely a prokaryote. d. The host cell must provide the transcriptional and translational machinery in order for RNA and protein products to be made from proviruses. The World Health Organization's definition of health includes ______ wellbeing. d) induce the formation of prions in the nucleus of the cell. Chediak-Higashi syndrome caused by the deficiency of CHS1. a) They can be controlled by the use of antibiotics. B. Which of the following statements helps to explain why RNA viruses tend to have unusually high rates of mutation? b. Which of the following statements accurately describes plant virus infections? d) flare-ups occur when dormant viral proteins attack new cells is an emerging discipline that seeks to understand how environmental changes threaten our health and the environment itself. b) Vertical transmission is the transfer of DNA from one type of plant virus to another, and horizontal transmission is the exchange of DNA between two plant viruses of the same type. c. diffusion proteins question 2 5 out of 5 points which statement accurately describes capitalism? However, that does not imply that low doses of any toxin is good for health. There are 4 serotypes of the virus . b. C3 Immune responses against S. pneumoniae are serotype-specific and protect only against strains that possess the same capsular polysaccharide antigens. Pesticide residue on food - Ingestion (gastrointestinal tract) O Enveloped viruses do not have protein spikes. d. superantigen Probability is a calculation of the statistical danger of a risk, and this information can help us decide which risks to tolerate and which to avoid. X=(112110101)X\mathbf{X}^{\prime}=\left(\begin{array}{rrr}{1} & {-1} & {2} \\ {-1} & {1} & {0} \\ {-1} & {0} & {1}\end{array}\right) \mathbf{X} They cause T cells to divide and differentiate into effector T cells. b. NADPH oxidase; produce superoxide radical (-) b. chronic granulomatous disease In assessing the danger of toxic substances, which of these statements are true? b. simple diffusion Which statement most accurately describes a virus? The radish cells were hypotonic to the water in which they were soaking. e. capsular polysaccharide. Which of the following help increase the selective permeability of a phospholipid bilayer membrane? a. leukocyte adhesion deficiency Our 2021 revenue of $139.6 million would have been $118.1 million excluding these clients, and our 2022 revenue without these clients was $126.7 million. b. the virus escapes from the phagosome into the cytosol d. active transport. Which aspect of antibiotic resistance development in microbes is depicted in this image? You have four methods at your disposal that you can use to analyze the substance in order to determine the nature of the infectious agent. f. Mycobacterium tuberculosis. - educating women. When a dose-response curve for a particular toxin shows a threshold for the response, it generally suggests ______. If you already knew that the infectious agent was either bacterial or viral, select all the treatments that would allow you to distinguish between these two possibilities. Viruses can reproduce on their own at any time. Herpes simplex virus infects B lymphocytes. Which statement is incorrect regarding internal control in personal computer environment? A healthy individual may be insensitive to doses of toxins dangerous to someone who is ill. b. a virus-encoded complement receptor - Data on which chemicals are endocrine disrupters are not definitive. Every living organism is composed of one or more cells, and all living cells have membrane-enclosed organelles. - The chemical agent is water-soluble. Multiple Choice Viruses are typically a piece of genetic material encased in a protein capsule. Each factor listed below plays a role in determining environmental toxicity. The KaK_aKa of nitrous acid, HNO2HNO_2HNO2, is 6.761046.76 \times 10^{-4}6.76104. b. facilitated diffusion The solution level on the left side of the figure would rise while the solution level on the right side of the figure would decrease. Yes; without organelles, prokaryotic cells cannot photosynthesize or respire. e. Extracellular bacterial infections are common in deficiency syndromes with T-cell defects. 13-9 Which of the following statements regarding herpes simplex virus is false? Name several indicators that scientists use to evaluate the effects of climate change. IV. Why do scientists classify viruses as non-living? a. a plasma membrane, where the pipe cleaners represent the phospholipid bilayer and the ribbon represents proteins embedded in the membrane. b. polysaccharides f. provoke vomiting and diarrhea when ingested. d. There will be no net movement of water because the solutions are isotonic. Random genetic mutations create antibiotic-resistant individuals that survive and multiply to develop into an antibiotic-resistant colony. Ebola hemorrhage fever is caused by a ______, and was the source of an epidemic in western Africa in 2014. This is because the solution on the left side of the figure is hypertonic while the solution on the right side of the figure is hypotonic. 13-37 An epidemic affects _____, whereas a pandemic affects _____. A metabolic poison that specifically attacks nerve cells is a _______________. a. X-linked agammaglobulinemia: gamma globulin injections A variety of respiratory diseases in humans can be caused by adenoviruses. ______ is a condition that is associated with drinking during pregnancy that results in a cluster of symptoms including craniofacial abnormalities, developmental delays, behavioral problems, and mental defects, which last throughout a child's life. B. What do you expect to happen to the weight of the cell over time and what can you deduce from the color change? This is because the solution on the left side of the figure is hypotonic while the solution on the right side of the figure is hypertonic. The two strands of DNA separate and serves as a template, and the daughter molecule will have a mix of an old and new strand. If the concentration of sugar molecules in water on side "A" of a selectively permeable membrane is 5 percent, and the concentration of sugar molecules in water on side "B" of a selectively permeable membrane is 15 percent, which way will the water move and why? b) They can be controlled by the use of antibiotics. Regulators struggle with how to set acceptable pollution levels based on the dose-response curve because ______. Editors select a small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly interesting to readers, or important in the respective research area. b. protease e. inhibition of ICAM-1 expression. Why are animals still used to test toxicity of substances? a) capsid True or false: Our bodies often reduce the effects of toxic substances by eliminating them through our breath, sweat, and urine. c. matrix protein c. inhibition of MHC class I expression * A. b. a cell wall. 13-19 Which of these characteristics is not true of IFN-? 120 seconds. d. Epstein-Barr virus d. No; eukaryotic organelles are expelled each time the cell divides. The glucose is then turned back into carbon dioxide, which is used in photosynthesis. - requires manufacturers to show that a substance is not dangerous before it is introduced into the marketplace. - Most organisms tolerate some exposure to a toxin but ultimately the dose gets large enough to kill them. True or false: Wind turbine syndrome is considered a psychogenic condition because people who are opposed to wind turbines often claim that noise and shadow flicker caused by moving turbines make them sick even though there is no medical evidence for cause and effect. Chemicals or other factors that specifically cause abnormalities during embryonic growth and development are called ___________________. - The chemical agent is not biodegradable and thus is persistent in the environment. The 2015 outbreak of the Zika virus was especially concerning as infected pregnant mothers were having babies with ______. a) Vertical transmission is transmission of a virus from a parent plant to its progeny, and horizontal transmission is one plant spreading the virus to another plant. e. activate : T cells c. the garbage truck that hauls away the wastes produced as a product is made a. is the site where lipids destined for other cellular compartments are manufactured. Yes; without organelles, prokaryotes are unable to bring together the reactants needed for biological reactions. d) Vertical transmission is the spread of viruses from trees and tall plants to bushes and other smaller plants, and horizontal transmission is the spread of viruses among plants of similar size. d. Transport proteins, channel proteins, and passive carrier proteins all help increase the selective permeability of a phospholipid bilayer membrane. a. impermeable d. sodium ions (Na+), hydrogen ions (H+), sugars, and amino acids, a. water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2). b. - The chemical industry disputes the need for testing, and industry-funded scientists point to contradictions and uncertainties in published studies. 2. b. antigenic shift - for activities we enjoy or find profitable Allergens are substances that affect us by ______. c. viruses are biotic and bacteria are abiotic . c. converts sunlight into chemical energy. Viruses contain organelles while bacteria cells do not Tags: Question 2 SURVEY 30 seconds Q. The palisade mesophyll layer is responsible for most of the photosynthesis that occurs while the spongy mesophyll layer underneath it aids in the exchange of gases (CO2 and O2) and water vapor. - better nutrition 80% of antibiotics used in the United States are _______. 13-4 The serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae differ in their _____. The boundary that surrounds the contents of the nucleus is the d. The water will not move at all because the water concentrations are isotonic. The radish cells were hypertonic to the water in which they were soaking. All of the answers given. II. c. They do not readily mix with the hydrophobic tails forming the core of the phospholipid bilayer; therefore, they must move across by facilitated diffusion. 15. Cell W. Which of these statements correctly describes trends in child mortality? a. influenza virus Which of the following statements accurately describes plant virus infections? - The U.S. EPA estimates that 200 million Americans live in areas where cancer risk from environmental carcinogens is ten times higher than normal. These changes, called cytopathic effects, can change cell functions or even destroy the cell. Heart disease and cancer - These have risks of 1 in 6-7 An amoeba, a protozoan that moves by pseudopodia, approaches a smaller protozoan and extends its pseudopodia (extensions of cytoplasm in plasma membrane) around the smaller protozoan. b) Negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses .ESSENTIAL FUNCTIONS1. 13-11 Herpesviruses include all of the following except _____. Which type(s) of chemicals travel through the environment most easily? Match the mechanism of eliminating toxins to the body part that is responsible for the action. Steps of Virus Infections. e. Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk). b. c. X-linked hyper IgM syndrome: gamma globulin injections The possibility of suffering harm or loss resulting from a given action is referred to as ______. e. Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Select one: a. Are prokaryotic cells at an evolutionary disadvantage because they lack organelles? a. transport proteins - Allergens activate the immune system. d. T-cell receptor V chain. b. d. the proteasome cannot generate viral peptides for presentation by MHC class I molecules. d. massive production of IL-2, IFN-, and TNF- b. Environmental health policies need to address ______________ because we may be destroying cycles that support human life if we don't protect different types of organisms. I. A. HIV is deadly, but doesn't target key cells in the immune system. a) enter a replicative cycle that does not kill the host cell. 1. They a View the full answer Transcribed image text: Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between bacteria and viruses? d. They cause excessive synthesis and release of cytokines. a. 13-25 Deficiencies in complement components C5-C9 and properdin (factor P) are associated with _____. b. the cytosol; escaping from the phagosome - Chronic exposure involves continuous or repeated contact with a toxic substance over a long period of time (months or years). Use unequal arrows to indicate whether reactants or products are favored. Which of the following statement accurately characterize prediabetes? Instead, the RBCs look very shriveled up. b. X-linked hyper IgM syndrome e. gp41 and gp120. e. X-linked Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. B. Response curve representing no response for low doses - Line c. The idea of hormesis, the nonlinear effect of a toxin in which a low dose is ______ and high dose is ______, was misapplied in a 2018 rule proposed by the EPA that suggested a little pollution was beneficial to health. Which of the following correctly characterizes white-nose syndrome? Virus inject the nucleic acid into the host cell, and the nucleic acid integrates into the host cell DNA, and stay dormant for a long time. b. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) (Use just one word for your answer.). The color change indicates that the iodine molecules were small enough to diffuse across the membrane and react with the starch inside the cell. a. Epstein-Barr virus Stop drinking alcohol during pregnancy - Reduced risk of fetal alcohol syndrome. b. a. lymphocytes and platelets b. Staphylococcus aureus b. Which of the following accurately describes HIV? d. they cause less severe immunodeficiency than do the homozygous recessive forms Which of the following statements correctly describes how factors related to the individual influence how she or he responds to toxins in the environment? 13-34 Which of the following explains why Streptococcus pneumoniae can infect an individual recurrently? Both membranes are selectively permeable and have pores. 13-23 Which of the following pairs is mismatched? Viruses are very diverse. d. the plasma membrane, Using the compound light microscope in the lab room, you observe a wet mount slide preparation. c. No; although prokaryotic cells are comparatively less efficient than eukaryotic cells, they are still able to carry out the processes necessary for survival and reproduction. e. Staphylococcus aureus. Match the concentrations of DDT to where that concentration might be found based on the level of biomagnification. A. Oxygenated blood is taken to the heart, from the lungs into the left atrium via the pulmonary arteries B. Oxygenated blood is taken to the heart, from the lungs into the right atrium via the pulmonary veins d. They are obligate intracellular parasites. Morbidity refers to _____________, whereas mortality refers to ____________. From what substance do liposomes spontaneously form and why are they important? Which of the following statements about chronic and acute exposure and effects are correct? d. It is secreted by CD8 cytotoxic T cells, CD4 TH1 cells, and NK cells. Match the term with its correct definition. e. factor I Choose the following statement that most accurately describes viruses. Today health agencies calculate DALYs rather than mortality rates as a measure of disease burden because ______. Which one of the following accurately describes the cause:effect relationship of ultrasound? ___________________, whereas the reason that gulls, who are tertiary consumers, have about 240 times the concentration of compounds as compared to the small insects sharing the same environment is due to _________________. c. transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) The 2014 epidemic of ______ in western Africa infected approximately 20,000 people and killed 8,000. Most substances are toxic at some level of exposure depending on the substance and the nature of the exposure. d. Every living organism is composed of one or more cells, and all living cells arise from preexisting cells. e. B cells; EBNA-1. Which of the following statements accurately describes a difference between viruses and bacteria? Multiple Choice Q09 Which of the following statements correctly describes the most probable fate of a newly emerging virus that causes high mortality in its host? a) Double-stranded DNA viruses - Chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes are increasing and spreading to poorer populations. For groups of two or more, see our Patriot Lite Group Travel Medical Insurance SM plan. I. Contrary to the risk probabilities, we are often willing to accept far greater risk than the general threshold ______. e A protein molecule, transferrin, embedded in the plasma membrane recognizes iron molecules and causes the plasma membrane to fold in around the iron and take it into the cell. Editor's Choice articles are based on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the world. 2. Which of the following statements accurately describes how endocrine disrupters affect us? e. Listeria monocytogenes This cell is weighed and then placed in a beaker of 3 percent iodine dissolved in water. e. they are unable to transduce signals when bound to the normal form. b. fall below the CD8 T-cell count D. A virus does not have a cell, produces carbon dioxide, and uses oxygen. Reference: ref 1 b) They can be spread via the plasmodesmata. d. phagocytosis. This is because the solution on the left side of the figure is hypertonic while the solution on the right side of the figure is hypotonic. A. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are a concern because being ______. - do not damage or kill living organisms by reacting with cellular components to disrupt metabolic functions In this paper, the experimental modes of a large-scale photoelectric theodolite tracking frame are presented. Because organs such as your skin and liver make frequent repairs, they are also more likely to ______. Expert Answer Answer:- option (d) accurately describe the differences between bacteria and virus. e. protease. Mortality rates are reduced by the administration of antibiotics to affected individuals. possibility of suffering harm or loss resulting from a given action, process of estimating the threat a particular hazard poses to human health. Chytridiomycosis (or chytrid fungus) is an ecological disease that affects amphibians and is ______. A. b. vascular bundles e. agammaglobulinemia caused by deficiency of Bruton's tyrosine kinase A Pre-Audited Token Launchpad on the Binance Smart Chain (BSC). c. semipermeable Find the temperature of a gas of CO2\mathrm{CO}_2CO2 molecules whose rms\mathrm{rms}rms speed is 309m/s309 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}309m/s ? They may contain genomic DNA or RNA. a. the machine that assembles a product Other duties may be assigned as deemed necessary or appropriate by management. c. Immune responses against S. pneumoniae are serotype-specific and protect only against strains that possess the same capsular polysaccharide antigens.